Israel Torah
The Land of IsraelThe Land of IsraelLevel: Basic The Promised LandThe history of the Jewish people begins with Abraham, and the story of Abraham begins when God tells him to leave his homeland, promising Abraham and his descendants a new home in the land of Canaan. (Gen. 12). This is the land now known as Israel, named after Abraham's grandson, whose descendants are the Jewish people. The land is often referred to as the Promised Land because of G-d's repeated promise (Gen. 12:7, 13:15, 15:18, 17:8) to give the land to the descendants of Abraham. The land is described repeatedly in the Torah as a good land and "a land flowing with milk and honey" (e.g., Ex. 3:8). This description may not seem to fit well with the desert images we see on the nightly news, but let's keep in mind that the land was repeatedly maltreated by conquerors who were determined to make the land uninhabitable for the Jews. In the few decades since the Jewish humans regained control of the land, we have seen a tremendous betterment in it is agriculture. Israeli agriculture today has a very high yield. Jews have lived in this land continuously from the time of it is original conquest by Joshua more than 3200 years ago until the present day, though Jews were not always in political control of the land, and Jews were not always the majority of the land's population. The land of Israel is central to Judaism. A significant share of Jewish law is tied to the land of Israel, and may only be performed there. Some rabbis have declared that it is a mitzvah (commandment) to take possession of Israel and to live in it (relying on Num. 33:53). The Talmud suggests that the land itself is so holy that plainly walking in it may gain you a place in the World to Come. Prayers for a return to Israel and Jerusalem are included in each and everyday prayers as well as some holiday observances and particular events. Living outside of Israel is viewed as an unnatural state for a Jew. The world outside of Israel is often referred to as "galut," which is ordinarily translated as "diaspora" (dispersion), but a more literal translation would be "exile" or "captivity." When we live outside of Israel, we are living in exile from our land. Jews were exiled from the land of Israel by the Romans in 135 C.E., after they discomfited the Jews in a three-year war, and Jews did not have any control over the land again until 1948 C.E. Zionism and the Formation of the State of IsraelThe Jewish persons never gave up hope that we would someday return to our home in Israel. That hope is indicated in the song Ha-Tikvah (The Hope), the anthem of the Zionist motion and the state of Israel. Kol od baleivav p'nima As long as deep within the heart But for a long time, this desire for our homeland was plainly a vague hope without any concrete plans to achieve it. In the late 1800s, Theodor Herzl and Chaim Weizmann founded Zionism, a political motion devoted to the creation of a Jewish state. They saw a state of Israel as a necessary refuge for Jewish victims of oppression, exceptionally in Russia, where pogroms were decimating the Jewish population. The name "Zionism" comes from the word "Zion," which was the name of a stronghold in Jerusalem. Over time, the term "Zion" came to be employed to Jerusalem in general, and later to the Jewish idea of utopia. Zionism was not a religious movement; it was a primarily political. The early Zionists sought to establish a secular state of Israel, recognized by the world, through rigorously legal means. Theodor Herzl, for example, was a altogether assimilated secular Jewish journalist. He felt little attachment to his Jewish inheritance until he covered the trial of Alfred Dreyfus, a Jewish captain in the French military who was (unjustly) convicted of passing mysteries to Germany. The charges versus Dreyfus brought out a wave of anti-Jewish sentiment that shocked Herzl into realizing the need for a Jewish state. Early Zionists were so desperate for a refuge at one point that they in truth considered a proposal to fabricate a Jewish homeland in Uganda. Alaska and Siberia were likewise discussed. But the only land that veritably inspired Jewish persons international was our ancient homeland, at that time a portion of the Ottoman (Turkish) Empire known as Palestine. During World War I, the Zionist cause gained a lot of degree of aid from Great Britain. In a 1917 letter from British alien secretary Lord Balfour to Jewish financier Lord Rothschild, the British government conveyed a commitment to creating a Jewish homeland in Palestine. This letter is normally known as the Balfour Declaration. Unfortunately, the British were speaking out of both sides of their mouth, simultaneously promising Arabs their freedom if they helped to defeat the Ottoman Empire, which at that time controlled most of the Middle East (including the progressed states of Syria, Lebanon, Jordan, and Iraq, as well as significant portions of Saudi Arabia and northern Africa). The British promised the Arabs that they would limit Jewish settlement in Palestine mere months after the Balfour Declaration indicated aid for "the establishment in Palestine of a national home for the Jewish people." After World War I, Palestine was assigned to the United Kingdom as a mandated territory by the newly-formed League of Nations. The Palestinian Mandate initially included the lands that are now Israel and Jordan, but all lands east of the Jordan River were later placed into a distinguished mandate known as Transjordan (now the nation of Jordan). The document creating the Palestinian mandate integrated the terms of the Balfour Declaration, promising the creation of a national Jewish homeland within the mandated territory. Many Arab leaders were initially more than willing to give Palestine to the Jews if the rest of the Arab lands in the Middle East were underneath Arab control. However, the Arabs living in Palestine vigorously opposed Jewish immigration into the territory and the idea of a Jewish homeland. It is around this time that the idea of Palestinian nationality (distinct from Arab nationality generally) initial begins to appear. There were a lot of riots in the territory, and the British came to believe that the conflicting claims were irreconcilable. In 1937, the British commended partition of the territory. The Holocaust brought the need for a Jewish homeland into sharp focus for both Jews and for the rest of the world. The Jews who tried to flee Nazi Germany were often times turned back due to immigration limitations at the borders of each country, including the United States, Britain and Palestine. Many of those who were sent back to Germany ended up in death camps where they were systematically murdered. The British were unable to come up with a solution that would satisfy either Arabs or Jews, so in 1947, they handed the problem to the newly-founded United Nations, which formulated a partition plan dividing Palestine into Jewish and Arab portions. The plan was ratified in November 1947. The mandate expired on May 14, 1948 and British troops pulled out of Palestine. The Jews of Palestine promptly declared the creation of the State of Israel, which was recognized by various Western countries immediately. However, the surrounding Arab nations did not recognize the validity of Israel and invaded, claiming that they were filling a vacuum produced by the termination of the mandate and the absence of any legal authority to replace it. The Arabs fought a year-long war to drive the Jews out. Miraculously, the new state of Israel won this war, as well as each subsequent Arab-Israeli war, profiting territory each time the Arabs attacked them. Israel TodayToday, approximately five million Jews, more than a third of the world's Jewish population, live in the land of Israel. Jews make up more than eighty percent of the population of the land, and Jews are in political control of the land, altho non-Jews who become citizens of Israel have the same legal rights as Jewish citizens of Israel. In fact, there are a few Arab members of the Knesset (the Israeli parliament). About half of all Israelis are Mizrachim, descended from Jews who have been in the land since ancient times or who were forced out of Arab countries after Israel was founded. Most of the rest are Ashkenazic, descended from Jews who fled persecution in Eastern Europe starting in the late 1800s, from Holocaust survivors, or from other immigrants who came at respective times. About 1% of the Israeli population are the black Ethiopian Jews who fled for the duration of the brutal Ethiopian famine in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Jews carry on to immigrate to Israel in big numbers. Immigration to Israel is referred to as aliyah (literally, ascension). Under Israel's Law of Return, any Jew who has not renounced the Jewish faith (by converting to another religion) may mechanically become an Israeli citizen, somewhat similar to the way Ireland gives automatic citizenship to second or third generation descendants of Irish citizens. Gentiles may likewise become citizens of Israel after undergoing a general naturalization process, much like the one required to become a United States citizen. Israel is governed by a legislative body called the Knesset (literally, "Assembly"), made up of 120 members. Under the Israeli electoral system, each party presents a list of candidates, and voters vote for the list rather than for person candidates. The party receives a number of seats proportional to the number of votes it received, therefore a party getting 10% of the vote will get 10% of the available seats. As a result, no Israeli party ever has a majority of the seats in the Knesset, and governmental business is conducted by coalition building. This scheme may give minority groups a substantial amount of power, because their support may be necessitated to gain a majority. Israel likewise has a president, elected by the Knesset, and a Prime Minister, formerly elected directly but this scheme is in flux. Most Jews today support the existence of the state of Israel, even though not inevitably all of the policies of it is government (as one would suppose in any democracy). There are a little number of secular Jews who are anti-Zionist. There is also a very little group of right-wing Orthodox Jews who object to the existence of the state of Israel, preserving that it is a sin for us to create a Jewish state when the messia has not yet come. However, this standpoint does not reflect the mainstream sentiment of Orthodoxy. Most Orthodox Jews help the existence of the state of Israel as a homeland, even though it is not the theological state of Israel that will be brought with regards to by the messiah.
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how is israel described in the torah/bible? I am looking for specific quotes from the torah/bible that describe israel such as "the land that flows with milk and honey" "the land of your forefathers" exc. You may quote it in hebrew or english. It would support if you wrote where you found it. Thank you! oh and if anybody knows a internet site with quotes with regards to israel that would be helpful. =] Genesis 26:2-3: "And the LORD appeared unto him, and said: 'Go not down unto Egypt; dwell in the land which I shall tell thee of. Sojourn in this land, and I will be with thee, and will bless thee; for unto thee, and unto thy seed, I will give all these lands, and I will establish the oath which I swore unto Abraham thy father;" Genesis 48:21: "And Israel said unto Joseph: 'Behold, I die; but God will be with you, and fetch you back unto the land of your fathers." Genesis 50:5: "My father made me swear, saying: Lo, I die; in my grave which I have digged for me in the land of Canaan, there shalt thou inter me." Exodus 3:8: "and I am come down to deliver them out of the hand of the Egyptians, and to fetch them up out of that land unto a good land and a large, unto a land flowing with milk and honey; unto the place of the Canaanite, and the Hittite, and the Amorite, and the Perizzite, and the Hivite, and the Jebusite." Numbers 13:27: "And they told him, and said: 'We came unto the land where you sent us, and surely it flows with milk and honey" Deuteronomy 1:8: "Behold, I have set the land before you: go in and possess the land which the LORD swore unto your fathers, to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, to give unto them and to their seed after them." |
